HIV and dentistry in Australia: clinical and legal issues impacting on dental care

The number of people in Australia living with HIV is growing. This reflects a consistent rate of new HIV infections combined with an increased life expectancy of people with HIV. Dentists are ideally positioned to identify, manage and treat HIV-associated oral manifestations and have a responsibility to themselves and to their patients to be up-to-date with the evolving area of HIV and related issues. Those issues include medico-legal implications associated with HIV diagnosis and treatment. This article provides a review of the current clinical and medico-legal aspects of HIV in Australia. The oral manifestations of HIV can be divided into five categories: microbiological infections (fungal, bacterial and viral); oral neoplasms; neurological conditions; other oral conditions that may be associated with HIV infection; and oral conditions associated with HIV treatment. Current treatment options in the scope of general dental practice are outlined. Medico-legal issues related to the management of patients with HIV are explored, including rights of the patient regarding disclosure of HIV status; an algorithm for the management of a patient with signs or symptoms indicating possible HIV infection, including referral pathways; and an algorithm for dealing with patient management and referral issues.     

中药老字号专有技术的法律特征及保护对策

目的：尝试建立法律保护体系对中药老字号企业专有技术的有效覆盖。方法：检索相关数据和研究相关文献,在厘清中药老字号专有技术的法律特征的基础上,分析中药老字号企业专有技术保护存在的问题。结果与结论：分析发现目前我国中药老字号专有技术保护存在以下问题：专利对老字号保护效用欠缺;技术秘密保护手段受挤压;商标保护形式未得到中药老字号的重视;行政保护作用受限。而解决中药老字号专有技术的保护问题,有必要从完善专利、技术秘密和行政保护制度和商标保护等几个维度实现。     

砂仁药材及其饮片的质量分析

目的：对国内市售砂仁质量进行评价分析,为药品监管和质量标准提高提供科学依据。方法：依据法定标准对样品进行全面检验;采用性状和DNA条形码相结合对样品进行真伪评价,以此结果进一步对正品和伪品的挥发油总量和乙酸龙脑酯含量进行相关性分析。结果：按照法定标准抽检的样品,不符合规定项目为性状、乙酸龙脑酯含量测定,以近缘物种冒充砂仁的情况较为突出。结论：国内市售砂仁质量有待提高,可通过质量标准提高,增加专属性较强且可量化评判的性状特征、DNA条形码鉴别等方法进行质量控制。     

Health-related quality of life among Mexican-origin Latinos: the role of immigration legal status

Objective: To assess the relationship between immigration legal status and related vulnerabilities and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among Mexican-origin Latinos living in a U.S.-Mexico border region.

Methods: Data were obtained using multistage sampling from 393 Latino adults who took part in the 2009 San Diego Prevention Research Center community survey.

Results: Significant differences in HRQoL were found across immigration legal status subgroups. Vulnerabilities associated with HRQoL varied across immigration legal status subgroups, and only depression was associated with HRQoL regardless of immigration legal status.

Conclusion: Results from this study emphasize the need for policies and programs to facilitate access to preventive services, including mental health services, in order to maintain the health of at-risk Latino immigrants.     

从元整体发生学观点探讨“天人相应”的本质内涵

中医"天人相应"理论包括天人相副、人天依存、天人相合等不同认识。西医学整体观包含着"人的可分解性",即合整体观;中医学整体观的核心是人与环境、人体自身的"不可分割性",即元整体观。从元整体观探讨天人相应的理论内涵可知,天人相应包含天人本一、以人应天、天人合一在内的逻辑递进的多层次概念。其具体表现在:从宇宙本体论来看,天人相应首先是天人本一;从宇宙发生的过程看,人的健康疾病与自然环境息息相关;从宇宙生态平衡角度看,养生防病上需要天人合一。阐明"天人相应"理论深层次内涵,有助于从根本上理解健康与疾病及其防治,有益于中医"天人相应"理论的继承和发展。     

天然来源的降木脂素类化合物及其生物活性研究进展

天然来源的降木脂素类化合物,结构类型复杂多样,分布广泛,根据2个苯丙素分子连接方式和连接位置的不同可将降木脂素分为降木脂素和降新木脂素。降木脂素类化合物具有抗肿瘤、抗过敏、抗炎、抗氧化和抗HIV及激素样作用等多种生物活性。主要对天然来源的降木脂素类化合物的结构类型及生物活性进行综述,为降木脂素类化合物的研究开发和应用提供依据。     

从科学与法律的角度试析药品检验若干问题

目的明确药品检验机构的地位和作用,增强药品检验工作者的法律意识。方法运用史学、法学、管理学的研究思路,对药品检验工作涉及的法律问题进行研究分析。结果与结论药品检验机构是履行公共管理职能的机构,应当确保检验报告书的真实性,并认识到药品检验工作存在的局限性。     

人性化护理在慢性化脓性中耳炎的应用分析

目的探讨人性化护理在慢性化脓性中耳炎中的应用效果。方法分析80例慢性化脓性中耳炎患者的临床资料,依据是否实施人性化护理措施进行临床分组,对照组40例和人性化护理组40例。结果人性化护理组鼓膜充血改善40（100）、听力改善比例60%和临床治疗总有效率100%明显优于对照组[28（70）,40%,80%],差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论人性化护理在慢性化脓性中耳炎的应用可以明显改善临床症状,提高治疗效果,值得临床推广应用。